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1978 British Army Gazelle downing
On 17 February 1978, a British Army Gazelle helicopter, serial number XX404, went down near Jonesborough, County Armagh, Northern Ireland, after being fired at by a Provisional IRA unit from the South Armagh Brigade. The IRA unit was involved in a gun battle with a Green Jackets' observation post deployed in the area, and the helicopter was sent in to support the ground troops. The helicopter crashed after the pilot lost control of the aircraft whilst evading ground fire.
Lieutenant-Colonel Ian Douglas Corden-Lloyd, 2nd Battalion Green Jackets commanding officer, died in the crash. The incident was overshadowed by the La Mon restaurant bombing, which took place just hours later near Belfast.
== Background ==
By early 1978, the British Army forces involved in Operation Banner had recently replaced their ageing Bell H-13 Sioux helicopters for the more versatile Aérospatiale Gazelles. The introduction of the new machines increased the area covered on a reconnaissance sortie as well as the improved time spent in airborne missions.〔(Gazelle – Thoroughbred racer ) Soldier's magazine, February 1978〕 In the same period, the Provisional IRA received its first consignment of M-60 machine guns from the Middle East, which were displayed by masked volunteers during a Bloody Sunday commemoration in Derry.〔O'Ballance, Edgard (1981). ''Terror in Ireland: the heritage of hate''. Presidio Press, p. 227. ISBN 0-89141-100-3〕〔Faligot, Roger (1983). ''Britain's military strategy in Ireland: the Kitson experiment''. Zed Press, p.155. ISBN 0-86232-047-X〕 Airborne operations were crucial for the British presence along the border, especially in south County Armagh, where the level of IRA activity meant that every supply and soldier had to be ferried in and out of their bases by helicopter since 1975.〔"Since the mid-1970s virtually all military movement has been by helicopter to avoid casualties from landmines planted under the roads; even the rubbish from the security forces bases is taken away by air." Harnden, p. 19〕
The Royal Green Jackets had been in South Armagh since December 1977, and had already seen some action.〔Dewar p. 154〕 Just a few days after arrival, two mortar rounds hit the C Company base at Forkhill, injuring a number of soldiers. In the aftermath of the attack, two Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) officers were wounded while recovering the lorry where the mortar tubes were mounted.〔Barzilay, p. 177〕 Two days later,〔 a patrol near the border suffered a bomb and gun attack, leaving the commanding sergeant with severe head wounds.〔 The sergeant was picked up from the scene by helicopter.〔 He was later invalided from the British Army as a result of his injuries.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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